The history of batik in Indonesia is closely linked with the development of the Majapahit kingdom and the spread of Islam in Java . In some records , the development of batik is mostly done in times of Mataram kingdom , then in the future work of Solo and Yogyakarta .
So this batik art in Indonesia has been known since the time of Majapahit work and growing the kingdom and later kings . The start spreading this batik art belongs to the people of Indonesia and Java in particular tribe is after the end of the eighteenth century or early nineteenth century . Produced batik batik is it all until the early twentieth century and printed batik is known only after the world war unity depleted or around 1920 . As for the connection with the spread of Islam . Many areas in Java batik centers are areas Batik students and later became a tool of economic perjaungan by figures Muslim traders against the Dutch economy .
Batik art is art image on the fabric for clothing that becomes one culture keluaga Indonesian kings of old. Initially batik is done only limited in the palace alone and proceeds to the king's clothes and family and his followers . Because many of the followers of the king who lived outside the palace, the art of batik was brought by them out palace and worked in place of each .
Over time the art of batik was imitated by the people nearest and subsequently expanded into the work of women in the household to fill his spare time . Furthermore , batik clothes that used only the royal family , then became a popular folk clothes , both women and men . White fabric that is used when it is the result of homespun .
Medium coloring materials used consist of plants native to Indonesia who made himself among others of : noni tree , tall , soga , indigo , and materials made from soda ash soda , as well as salts made from tanahlumpur .
MajapahitBatik era that has become a culture in the kingdom Majahit , pat the area traced in Mojokerto and Tulong Court . Mojoketo is an area that is closely related to the Majapahit kingdom during the first and origin of the name has something to do with Majapahit Majokerto . Relation to the development of original batik Majapahit Agung is growing in Tulung history of batik development in this area , can be extracted from the relics at the time of the Majapahit kingdom . At that time the area vBulletin mainly consists of swamps in the history of the area known as Bonorowo , which at the time of Majapahit bekembangnya area was ruled by a Duke benama Kalang , and would not submit to the kingdom of Majapahit .
Told that the police action launched by Majapahati , Duke Kalang reportedly killed in fighting around the village are now reportedly named Kalangbret . Thus the army officers and keluara Majapahit kingdom who settled and lived in the region that is now named Bonorowo or vBulletin , among others also bring original art to make batik .
History of Batik Pekalongan
Although no official records began to be known when the batik in Pekalongan , but according to estimates existing in Pekalongan batik around the year 1800 . Even according to data recorded at the Ministry , batik was made there in 1802 , as a small tree motif in the form of clothing material .
However, significant progress is expected to occur after a major war in 1825-1830 in the kingdom of Mataram which is often referred to as Java Diponegoro war or war . With the onset of this battle royal family and urged his followers were many who left the kingdom area . They then spread towards the East and the West . Later in the area - a new area that the family and followers develop batik .
To the east of Solo and Yogyakarta batik style batik improve the existing in Mojokerto and vBulletin to spread to Gresik , Surabaya and Madura . Medium westward batik developed in Banyumas , Kebumen , Tegal , Cirebon and Pekalongan . With this migration , the batik Pekalongan that have been there before growing.
Over time , Batik Pekalongan experiencing rapid development compared to other regions . In this region batik evolved around the coastal areas , namely in Pekalongan city and regional areas Buaran , Pekajangan and Wonopringgo .
Batik Pekalongan , between the Past and Today
Pekalongan batik became very distinctive because it relies entirely on hundreds of small entrepreneurs , rather than on a handful of large employers have capital . Since many decades ago until now , most of Pekalongan batik production process is done in homes .
As a result , closely united with batik Pekalongan Pekalongan community life that is now divided into two administrative regions , namely Pekalongan and Pekalongan , Central Java . Batik Pekalongan was breath everyday life Pekalongan residents . He lived and lived Pekalongan residents .
Nonetheless , together with other small and medium enterprises in Indonesia , Pekalongan batik industry is facing a period of transition . The development of increasingly complex world and the emergence of new competitors , such as Vietnam , Pekalongan batik industry challenged to quickly transform itself into a more modern direction .
Failed to pass through this transition period , Pekalongan batik may only be remembered for generations to come through the history books .
At that time, the pattern of batik artisans still work heavily influenced the agricultural cycle . During a period of planting or harvest time , they are fully working in the fields . However , in the period between planting and harvest time , they work completely as batik artisans .
AGE has changed . Workers in Pekalongan batik is no longer dominated by farmers. They mostly come from local young people who want to earn a living . Their lives may depend entirely on the batik work .
What Pekalongan batik industry faces today is probably the same as the problems faced by other industries in Indonesia , especially those based on small and medium entrepreneurs .
The issue was , among other things , a decline in competitiveness as indicated with the selling price is higher than the selling price of similar products produced by other countries . In fact , the quality of the products that dihasikan country better than competitor products Indonesian businessmen .
The cause of this problem vary, ranging from low productivity and labor skills , lack of initiative entrepreneurs to innovate products , up to the old infrastructure support machine production process .
